Chapter 1
Numbers and Operations
Course: Elementary Education Multiple Subjects 7001
Subject: Elementary Education Mathematics Subtest 7003
Chapter: Numbers And Operations
1. Writes numbers using base-10 numerals, number names, and expanded form
The base-10 system, also called the decimal system, is the fundamental number system used in most human counting and mathematical operations. It is positional, meaning that the position of a digit determines its value, and it operates on powers of ten.
Students must understand how to express numbers in three distinct forms:
- Base-10 numerals (standard form): These are the familiar numeric symbols written with digits (e.g., 5,628), where each digit contributes a value depending on its position (thousands, hundreds, tens, ones).
- Number names (word form): This is the linguistic representation of the number. For example, 5,628 is written as "five thousand six hundred twenty-eight". Mastery of number naming supports verbal fluency with mathematical values and aids in communication.
- Expanded form: This breaks down a number into the sum of the values of its digits. For instance, 5,628 = 5,000 + 600 + 20 + 8. Each term represents the digit multiplied by the power of ten appropriate to its place.