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7 Assessment Guide for Educators: Mathematical Reasoning Chapter 1: Assessment Targets content and practice mesh well together. These items primarily assess the practices, with content serving as the context in which the practices are applied. Items of this type reflect the reasoning and problem-solving skills that are so critical to career and college readiness. Where this type of natural overlap between practice and content is not possible, other items assess the content indicators directly. This ensures that each test form covers the full range of mathematical content. Common Core State Standards References2 Quantitative Problem Solving Assessment Targets Content Indicators Range of Depth of Knowledge (DOK)3 Q.1 Apply number sense concepts, including ordering rational numbers, absolute value, multiples, factors, and exponents 4.NF .2; 6.NS.6; 6.NS.7 Q.1 .a Order fractions and decimals, including on a number line. 1-2 6.NS.4 Q.1 .b Apply number properties involving multiples and factors, such as using the least common multiple, greatest common factor, or distributive property to rewrite numeric expressions. 1-2 8.EE.1; N-RN.2 Q.1 .c Apply rules of exponents in numerical expressions with rational exponents to write equivalent expressions with rational exponents. 1-2 6.NS.7; 7 .NS.1 Q.1 .d Identify absolute value or a rational number as its distance from 0 on the number line and determine the distance between two rational numbers on the number line, including using the absolute value of their difference. 1-2 Q.2 Add, subtract, multiply, divide, and use exponents and roots of rational, fraction and decimal numbers 7 .NS.1; 7 .NS.2 Q.2.a Perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on rational numbers. 1-2 8.EE.2; N-RN.2 Q.2.b Perform computations and write numerical expressions with squares and square roots of positive, rational numbers. 1-2 8.EE.2; N-RN.2 Q.2.c Perform computations and write numerical expressions with cubes and cube roots of rational numbers. 1-2 7 .NS.2 Q.2.d Determine when a numerical expression is undefined. 2 7 .NS.3; 7 .EE.3; 8.EE.4; N-Q.1 Q.2.e Solve one-step or multi-step arithmetic, real world problems involving the four operations with rational numbers, including those involving scientific notation. 1-2 Q.3 Calculate and use ratios, percents and scale factors 6.RP .3; 7 .RP .1; G-MG.2Q.3.a Compute unit rates. Examples include but are not limited to: unit pricing, constant speed, persons per square mile, BTUs per cubic foot. 1-2 7 .G.1 Q.3.b Use scale factors to determine the magnitude of a size change. Convert between actual drawings and scale drawings. 1-2 6.RP .3; 7 .RP .1; 7 .RP .2; 7 .RP .3; N-Q.1 Q.3.c Solve multistep, arithmetic, real-world problems using ratios or proportions including those that require converting units of measure. 2 7 .RP .3 Q.3.d Solve two-step, arithmetic, real world problems involving percents. Examples include but are not limited to: simple interest, tax, markups and markdowns, gratuities and commissions, percent increase and decrease. 1-2 Q.4 Calculate dimensions, perimeter, circumference, and area of two- dimensional figures 7 .G.6 Q.4.a Compute the area and perimeter of triangles and rectangles. Determine side lengths of triangles and rectangles when given area or perimeter. 1-2