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8 Assessment Guide for Educators: Science Chapter 1: Assessment Targets GED® Science T est Content T opics The primary focus of the GED® test - Science is the measurement of essential reasoning skills (e.g., analysis, evaluation, and inference) applied in scientific context. The science content topics describe key concepts that are widely taught in a variety of high school-level courses and are relevant to the lives of GED® test- takers. The content topics provide context for measuring the skills outlined in the science practices. Test-takers should be broadly and generally familiar with each of the concepts in the science content topics and subtopics: they should be able to recognize and understand, in context, each of the terms listed there, rather than having an in-depth and comprehensive knowledge of each subtopic. The stimuli used in the GED® test
- Science provide necessary details about scientific graphic elements, formulas, and other key principles. References to Common Core State Standards and Framework for K-12 Science Education1 Science Practices Range of Depth of Knowledge (DOK) levels2 SP�7 Scientific Theories R3, R5, L3, P1, P2, P7 , M2, M4 SP .7 .a Understand and apply scientific models, theories and processes • Identify a correct answer by applying commonly known scientific models, theories, and processes. • Analyze relationship among concepts in a stimulus. 2-3 P2, P5, M2, M4, M8 SP .7 .b Apply formulas from scientific theories • Solve for an unknown variable by applying concepts and information provided in a stimulus. 2 SP�8 Probability & Statistics S-MD, S-ID, P4, P5, M4, M6 SP .8.a Describe a data set statistically • Calculate the mean, median, and mode of a data set. 1-2 7 .SP , P5, M4, M6 SP .8.b Use counting and permutations to solve scientific problems • Determine the number of combinations to solve a scientific problem. 1-2 7 .SP , S-CP , P5, M4, M6 SP .8.c Determine the probability of events • Determine simple probabilities. • Determine compound probabilities of two independent events. • Determine offspring ratios using a Punnett square. 2 1 The GED® Science Practices (SP#) are derived from The Common Core State Standards for ELA and Literacy (R#) (L#) (W#)(2010), The Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (M#) (2010), and the National Research Council’s A Framework for K-12 Science Education: Practices, Crosscutting Concepts and Core Ideas (P#) (forthcoming). 2 26 The Depth of Knowledge (DOK) levels correspond to Norman Webb’s (University of Wisconsin) Depth of Knowledge model of cognitive complexity.